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Procedure for identifying metaphorical scenes (PIMS): the case of spatial and abstract relations. - Study 1: Reliability testing for corpus linguistic data for the preposition into

SND-ID: 2021-5-1. Version: 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5878/v1ek-zj31

Citation

Creator/Principal investigator(s)

Marlene Johansson Falck - Umeå University, Department of Language Studies orcid

Lacey Okonski - Umeå University, Department of Language Studies orcid

Research principal

Umeå University - Department of Language Studies rorId

Description

This study tackles the tricky problem of identifying metaphors in language that includes prepositions (e.g., Reijnierse, 2019, Herrmann et al., 2019, Nacey et al. 2019, Marhula and Rosiński, 2019) . The study is based on data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA, Davies, 2008). We demonstrate how the Procedure for Identifying Metaphorical Scenes (PIMS) reflected and evoked by linguistic expressions in discourse (Johansson Falck & Okonski, manuscript accepted for publication), can be used to identify metaphorical relations reflected in language. Two studies are presented that test the reliability of the procedure and the sensitivity of the tool for prepositions. Results show that PIMS provides a simple procedure that increases both reliability and sensitivity for prepositional constructions. By focusing on the scenes evoked by linguistic constructions, the procedure highlights the contextual meanings of the constructions and the specific experiences that they code.

References:

Davies, M. (2008). COCA. Corpus of Contemporary American English.

Herrmann, B., et al. (2019). Lin

... Show more..
This study tackles the tricky problem of identifying metaphors in language that includes prepositions (e.g., Reijnierse, 2019, Herrmann et al., 2019, Nacey et al. 2019, Marhula and Rosiński, 2019) . The study is based on data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA, Davies, 2008). We demonstrate how the Procedure for Identifying Metaphorical Scenes (PIMS) reflected and evoked by linguistic expressions in discourse (Johansson Falck & Okonski, manuscript accepted for publication), can be used to identify metaphorical relations reflected in language. Two studies are presented that test the reliability of the procedure and the sensitivity of the tool for prepositions. Results show that PIMS provides a simple procedure that increases both reliability and sensitivity for prepositional constructions. By focusing on the scenes evoked by linguistic constructions, the procedure highlights the contextual meanings of the constructions and the specific experiences that they code.

References:

Davies, M. (2008). COCA. Corpus of Contemporary American English.

Herrmann, B., et al. (2019). Linguistic metaphor identification in German. In Nacey, S., Dorst, A. G., Krennmayr, T. W., Reijnierse, W. G. (Eds.). Metaphor Identification in Multiple Languages: MIPVU Around the World, Volume 22 (pp 113-136). Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Johansson Falck, M. and L. Okonski (manuscript accepted for publication). "Procedure for Identifying Metaphorical Scenes (PIMS): A Cognitive Linguistics Approach to Bridge Theory and Practice." Cognitive Semantics.

Marhula, J. and M. Rosiński (2019). Linguistic metaphor identification in Polish. In Nacey, S., Dorst, A. G., Krennmayr, T. W., Reijnierse, W. G. (Eds.). Metaphor Identification in Multiple Languages: MIPVU Around the World, Volume 22 (pp 183-202). Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Nacey, S., et al. (2019). Linguistic metaphor identification in Scandinavian. In Nacey, S., Dorst, A. G., Krennmayr, T. W., Reijnierse, W. G. (Eds.). Metaphor Identification in Multiple Languages: MIPVU Around the World, Volume 22 (pp 137-158). Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Reijnierse, W. G. (2019). Linguistic metaphor identification in French. In Nacey, S., Dorst, A. G., Krennmayr, T. W., Reijnierse, W. G. (Eds.). Metaphor Identification in Multiple Languages: MIPVU Around the World, Volume 22 (pp 69-90). Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing Company.

In a first study, we used PIMS to identify metaphorical ‘into relations’ that are evoked by sentences that include the preposition into. The data was excepted from (Davies, 2008). We excerpted instances of into + noun collocations where into was tagged as a preposition and the noun was located in a window one word to the right of the preposition. For more information, please see Johansson Falck and Okonski (2022).

Reference:
Davies, Mark. (2008-) The Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). Available online at https://www.english-corpora.org/coca/.

Johansson Falck, M. and L. Okonski (manuscript accepted for publication). "Procedure for Identifying Metaphorical Scenes (PIMS): A Cognitive Linguistics Approach to Bridge Theory and Practice." Cognitive Semantics, in press, https://doi.org/10.1080/10926488.2022.2062243. Show less..

Data contains personal data

No

Language

Method and outcome

Unit of analysis

Population

We applied PIMS to the identification of metaphorical constructions that include prepositions in two studies (see below).

Time Method

Sampling procedure

Other

We applied PIMS to the identification of metaphorical constructions that include prepositions in two studies, which are described by Johansson Falck and Okonski (2022).

Study 1: Reliability testing for corpus linguistic data for the preposition into

In the first study, we used PIMS to identify metaphorical ‘into relations’ that are evoked by sentences that include the preposition into. The data was excerpted from (Davies, 2008). We excerpted 100 instances of into + noun collocations where into was tagged as a preposition and the noun was located in a window one word to the right of the preposition.

Study 2: Testing for Mixed Prepositions in a Brexit Text

In the second study, we applied PIMS to a data set with a mixture of prepositions. The data set was made up of 149 instances (see footnote 1) of either one of the prepositions about, across, after, against, among, at, between, by, despite, due to, during, from, in, inside, into, of, on, over, through, to, towards and with, which are present in a text on Brexit previously analyzed in applications of MIPVU (Nacey, S. D. et al. 2019).

Refer

... Show more..
We applied PIMS to the identification of metaphorical constructions that include prepositions in two studies, which are described by Johansson Falck and Okonski (2022).

Study 1: Reliability testing for corpus linguistic data for the preposition into

In the first study, we used PIMS to identify metaphorical ‘into relations’ that are evoked by sentences that include the preposition into. The data was excerpted from (Davies, 2008). We excerpted 100 instances of into + noun collocations where into was tagged as a preposition and the noun was located in a window one word to the right of the preposition.

Study 2: Testing for Mixed Prepositions in a Brexit Text

In the second study, we applied PIMS to a data set with a mixture of prepositions. The data set was made up of 149 instances (see footnote 1) of either one of the prepositions about, across, after, against, among, at, between, by, despite, due to, during, from, in, inside, into, of, on, over, through, to, towards and with, which are present in a text on Brexit previously analyzed in applications of MIPVU (Nacey, S. D. et al. 2019).

References:

Davies, M. (2008-) The Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). Available online at https://www.english-corpora.org/coca/.

Johansson Falck, M. and L. Okonski (2022). "Procedure for Identifying Metaphorical Scenes (PIMS): The Case of Spatial and Abstract Relations." Metaphor & Symbol, in press, https://doi.org/10.1080/10926488.2022.2062243.

Nacey, S. D. et al. (2019). What the MIPVU protocol doesn't tell you (even though it mostly does). In Nacey, S., Dorst, A. G., Krennmayr, T. W., Reijnierse, W. G. (Eds.). Metaphor Identification in Multiple Languages: MIPVU Around the World, Volume 22 (pp 41-68). Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins Publishing Company.


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Footnote 1. We excerpted 100 random instances of each into collocations where into was tagged as a preposition. However, such searches in COCA occasionally generate fewer than 100 instances of each collocation. Moreover, when the data was excerpted (December 12th, 2020) there were fewer than 100 instances of the 56-100 most frequent into + noun collocations in COCA. Show less..

Time period(s) investigated

1990 – 2017

Data format / data structure

Data collection
Geographic coverage

Geographic spread

Geographic location: United States, Europe

Geographic description:
Data a British news texts (http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/jun/24/brexit-fallout-what-we-know-so-far
and ) and data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English were analyzed.

Sources:

https://osf.io/vw46k/
Davies, M. (2008). COCA. Corpus of Contemporary American English. I

Administrative information

Responsible department/unit

Department of Language Studies

Topic and keywords

Research area

Specific languages (Standard för svensk indelning av forskningsämnen 2011)

Language and linguistics (CESSDA Topic Classification)

Keywords

Prepositions, Metaphors, Meanings (semantics), Corpus data, News text

Publications

Johansson Falck, M. and L. Okonski (2022). "Procedure for Identifying Metaphorical Scenes (PIMS): The Case of Spatial and Abstract Relations ." Metaphor & Symbol, in press.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10926488.2022.2062243

If you have published anything based on these data, please notify us with a reference to your publication(s). If you are responsible for the catalogue entry, you can update the metadata/data description in DORIS.

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License

CC BY 4.0

Versions

Version 1. 2022-12-19

Version 1: 2022-12-19

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5878/v1ek-zj31

Contacts for questions about the data

Published: 2022-12-19
Last updated: 2024-03-08