Description of the data and file structure: data on fish biomass, fishery landings and hydrographic variables from the Baltic Sea. The data were used to explore the relationships between clupeids and three-spined stickleback, specifically whether reduced predation from herring and competition from both sprat and herring may have contributed to the recent increase of three-spined stickleback in the Baltic Sea.
The data is structured in six separate datasets. Each record report values of fish biomass or abiotic variables related to a specific ICES statistical rectangle (ca. 55 × 55 km size, corresponding to 0.5 degrees in latitude × 1 degree in longitude) and a specific year. The datasets can be merged using the field "year" and "ICES". The files have the following dimensions: ICES_Hydrographic_data_by_year.csv, 4465 rows × 20 columns; herring_biomass.csv, 2056 rows × 5 columns; landings_herring.csv, 2867 rows × 3 columns; landings_sprat.csv, 2108 rows × 3 columns; sprat_biomass.csv, 2042 rows × 4 columns; stic

Data contains personal data

Language

English

Method and outcome

Time period(s) investigated

2001 – 2019

Data format / data structure

Numeric

Text

Species and taxons

Gasterosteus aculeatus linnaeus, 1758
Sprattus sprattus (linnaeus, 1758)
Clupea harengus linnaeus, 1758

Data collection

Mode of collection: Compilation/Synthesis
Description of the mode of collection:
The data on fish biomasses were collected via hydroacustic surveys, coupled with information on species and size distributions from trawl hauls.
Commercial landings of herring and sprat expressed as tons per ICES rectangle were provided by the Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF, https://stecf.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dd/effort/graphs-quarter) for the years 2003–2015, and by the Joint Research Centre (JRC, https://jeodpp.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/FAD/fdi2020/) for the years 2016–2019.
Data on water temperature, salinity and nutrient concentrations for the period 2001–2019 for each ICES rectangle were extracted from Copernicus Marine Service Information. The nutrient concentration data were produced using the biogeochemical model ERGOM one-way online-coupled with the ice-ocean model system NEMO (doi.org/10.48670/moi-00012). The salinity and temperature data were produced by DMI (Danmarks Meteorologiske Institut) using NEMO (doi.org/10.48670/moi-00013).

All analyses were conducted in R Statistical Software version 4.2.0 (R Development Core Team 2020). We used the mgcv package (version 1.8-40) for specifying, fitting, and visualising the GAMs (Wood 2011), and the nlme package (version 3.1-162) for fitting generalized least square models (Pinhero et al. 2016).
Time period(s) for data collection: 2001 – 2019
Data collector: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Source of the data: Registers/Records/Accounts
Temporal resolution: 1 year
Spatial resolution: 55 kilometres

Geographic coverage

Geographic spread

Geographic location: Baltic Sea

Geographic description: ICES subdivisions (SD) 25 - 30 in the Baltic Sea. SD 30 corresponds to the Bothnian Sea and SD 25–29 to the Central Baltic Sea.

Administrative information

Responsible department/unit

Department of Aquatic Resources

Contributor(s)

Mårten Erlandsson - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Resources

Johan Eklöf - Stockholm University

Olavi Kaljuste - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Resources

Niklas Larson - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Resources

Michele Casini - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Resources

Mårten Erlandsson - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Resources

Johan Eklöf - Stockholm University

Olavi Kaljuste - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Resources

Niklas Larson - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Resources

Michele Casini - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Resources

Ronny Fredriksson - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Resources

Agnes Olin - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Resources

Jonas Nilsson - Linnaeus University

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Funding 1

Funding agency: Swedish Research Council
Funding agency's reference number: 2019-00310
Project name on the application: project Spiggvågen

Funding 2

Funding agency: Swedish Research Council
Funding agency's reference number: 2023-00297
Project name on the application: project FORCE

Funding 3

Funding agency: Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management
Funding agency's reference number: 1049-20

Topic and keywords

Research area

Oceanography, hydrology and water resources (Standard för svensk indelning av forskningsämnen 2011)

Ecology (Standard för svensk indelning av forskningsämnen 2011)

Biota (INSPIRE topic categories)

Oceans (INSPIRE topic categories)

Keywords

Nutrients, Fishery, Water temperature, Water salinity, Hydrography, Species distribution, Sprat, Atlantic herring, Threespine stickleback, Baltic sea

Publications

Our article has been published today. Here is the citation:
Serena Donadi, Agnes Olin, Michele Casini, Johan Eklöf, Mårten Erlandsson, Ronny Fredriksson, Olavi Kaljuste, Niklas Larson, Jonas Nilsson, Ulf Bergström, Reduced predation and competition from herring may have contributed to the increase of three-spined stickleback in the Baltic Sea, ICES Journal of Marine Science, 2024; fsae168, https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae168
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae168

Published: 2024-11-18

Last updated: 2025-01-30