This readme file was generated on 2023-06-02 by Anna Sörman



GENERAL INFORMATION

Title of Dataset: Inventory of five Swedish Late Bronze Age 'scrap hoards' (Swe. Innehållet i fem svenska "skrotdepåer" från yngre bronsålder)

Author/Principal Investigator Information
Name: Anna Sörman
ORCID:0000-0003-3796-7066
Institution: Stockholm University, Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies
Address: Wallenberglaboratoriet, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
Email: anna.sorman@ark.su.se / anna.sorman@gmail.com / anna.sorman@univ-nantes.fr


Date of data collection: 2021-08-01 - 2023-03-30 

Geographic location of data collection: Sweden

Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data: Åke Wiberg's Foundation (grant number H20–0108) and the Wenner-Gren Foundations (grant number WGF2021-0006).


SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION

Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: None 

Links to publications that cite or use the data: To be published

Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data:  

Links/relationships to ancillary data sets: 

Was data derived from another source?
If yes, list source(s): 
- Inventory catalogues of the Swedish History Museum (online).
- Oldeberg, Andreas (1927) Ett smedfynd i Ystad från yngre bronsåldern. Fornvännen  22: pp. 107-121.
- Oldeberg, Andreas (1928) Ett bronsåldersfynd från Hjärpetan i Värmland. Fornvännen 23: pp. 321-345.
- Oldeberg, Andreas (1929) “Bräckanfyndet” - ett gjutfynd från bronsålderns fjärde period. RIG: Föreningens för svensk kulturhistoria tidskrift 12: pp 37-48.
- Oldeberg, Andreas (1934) Två bronsåldersfynd från Åsle socken i Västergötland. Västergötlands fornminnesförenings tidskrift 4 (7–8): pp. 9–42.


Recommended citation for this dataset: Sörman, A., 2023. Inventory of five Swedish Late Bronze Age ‘scrap hoards’ [Innehållet i fem svenska “skrotdepåer” från yngre bronsålder]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.58141/5x6w-mx80


DATA & FILE OVERVIEW

File List: 
1) "README.txt. = Description of metadata, data and methods (this file). 
2 & 3) Inventory_of_five_Swedish_Late_Bronze_Age_scrap_hoards.xlsx & Inventory_of_five_Swedish_Late_Bronze_Age_scrap_hoards.csv = List of objects and fragments constituting the inventory of five Bronze Age deposits, named after their find-sites:
- Bräckan (Swedish History Museum inventory number 1995), discovered year 1853. Information about the find has been gathered from the publication "Oldeberg, Andreas (1929) “Bräckanfyndet” - ett gjutfynd från bronsålderns fjärde period. RIG: Föreningens för svensk kulturhistoria tidskrift 12: pp 37-48." and from the Swedish History Museum inventory.
- Härnevi (Swedish History Museum inventory numbers 11635 & 1612), discovered year 1903. Unpublished find. Information about the find has been gathered from the Swedish History Museum inventory and via first-hand observations by Anna Sörman in the museum storage of the Swedish History Museum, in september 2022.
- Hjärpetan (Swedish History Museum inventory numbers 17093 & 17143), discovered year 1923. Information about the find has been gathered from "Oldeberg, Andreas (1928) Ett bronsåldersfynd från Hjärpetan i Värmland. Fornvännen 23: pp. 321-345." and from the Swedish History Museum inventory. 
- Nya Åsle (Swedish History Museum inventory number 4127), discovered year 1869. Information about the find has been gathered from the publication "Oldeberg, Andreas (1934) Två bronsåldersfynd från Åsle socken i Västergötland. Västergötlands fornminnesförenings tidskrift 4 (7–8): pp. 9–42." and from the Swedish History Museum inventory. 
- Ystad (Ystad Museum inventory number 1388–1415), discovered year 1926. Information about the find has been gathered from the publication "Oldeberg, Andreas (1927) Ett smedfynd i Ystad från yngre bronsåldern. Fornvännen  22: pp. 107-121.". 


Relationship between files, if important: 

Additional related data collected that was not included in the current data package: 

Are there multiple versions of the dataset?
If yes, name of file(s) that was updated: 
Why was the file updated? 
When was the file updated? 


METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: The information about these metal objects has been collected from published works, the inventory catalogue for the Swedish History Museum, and for one find (Härnevi) via first-hand observations.
Data collection about each individual entry (object or object part) has been guided by the following criteria (see also "Variable list" further below):
- Object type (axe, neck ring, sword etc.)
- State of preservation (complete/incomplete)
- State of preservations and signs of manipulations (patina, records of later manipulations, damages at recovery etc) and morphology of breaks (clean cut, irregular etc.).
Based on these criteria, I have classed the objects as either "Likely to be deliberately fragmented". This interpretative classification is presented in the last column in the dataset.
Note that the data collected only includes the metal objects. Finds of non-metallic materials present in some of these hoards, such as cermics or stone, have not been included.


Methods for processing the data: In-text information in museum catalogues or in published archaeological articles were extracted, summarized and referenced in the table. Observations were sometimes also based on photographic documentation in said catalogue or publications, in which case this is also referenced. 

Instrument- or software-specific information needed to interpret the data: No
Standards and calibration information, if appropriate: 

Environmental/experimental conditions: 

Describe any quality-assurance procedures performed on the data: 

People involved with sample collection, processing, analysis and/or submission: Anna Sörman


DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: Inventory_of_five_Swedish_Late_Bronze_Age_scrap_hoards.xlsx

Number of variables: 16 columns

Number of cases/rows: 434 rows

Variable List: The information is listed under the following columns:
1. No = Serial number in the table
2. Study no = Unique number for each object in this study, featuring the number of the hoard (1-5) followed by the number of the item in the hoard, where fragments from the same object are designated by the same number (followed by a serial sub-number). Study no "1.3.1" and "1.3.2." are thus two pieces of the third object listed from hoard 1 (Bräckan).
3. Object type = Functional category of the listed object, such as "Sword" or "Socketed axehead". Objects whose function/type has not been possible to determine are listed as "Unidentified".
4. Complete (yes/no) = Defines the object as complete or incomplete.
5. Old break(s) = Defines if the break(s) on incomplete objects are judged as ancient or recent, based on information in the documentation (often notes about patina, or accidental breaks at the time of discovery etc.)
6. >50% = An estimation of the proportion of the full object (more than 50% or not) represented by an incomplete object piece. >50% y/n is only filled in for objects with ancient breaks. It has not always been possible to estimate/determine and this information it is therefore not consistently provided.
7. Other damages = Notes of any other signs of damage on the object, such as "Bent" or "Crushed".
8. Comments about the fragmentation = Additional, descriptive information about break/fracture(s).
9. Likely to be deliberately fragmented = Interpretative classification based on an assessment of the compiled information about the incomplete objects (patina on break, fragment piece, other damages etc.). Note that not all objects that has "y" at Ancient break has "x" under the column Likely to be deliberately fragmented. Some cases have been excluded, either because they have been judged as too uncertain, or because older breaks can be interpreted as use-damage rather than intentional fragmentation. 
10. Site = The place-name of the find site of the hoard to which the item belongs.
11. Parish = The name of the parish where the hoard find was made.
12. Museum no = Inventory number under which the object is stored.
13. Find year = The year of discovery for the hoard to which the item belongs.
14. Comments about date/type = Any further information about the dating or typological determination of the specific object.
15. General comment = Any further comments about the item.
16. Weight (g.) = The weight in grams of individual items (only for the Härnevi hoard)


Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: 
1) SHM = "the Swedish History Museum" (Swe. Statens Historiska Museum). If used in front of a number, e.g. "SHM 1995" this referes to an inventory number in the museum collection. 
2) BAC = "Bronze Age Catalogue" (Swe. Bronsålderskatalog) in the Swedish History Museum (Sw. Statens Historiska Museum) inventory, accessible online. 
3) OC = "Overview Catalogue" (Swe. Översiktskatalog) in the Swedish History Museum (Sw. Statens Historiska Museum) inventory, accessible online. 
4) Oldeberg 1927 = Published account of the Ystad find. Full reference: "Oldeberg, Andreas (1927) Ett smedfynd i Ystad från yngre bronsåldern. Fornvännen  22: pp. 107-121."
5) Oldeberg 1928 = Published account of the Hjärpetan find. Full reference: "Oldeberg, Andreas (1928) Ett bronsåldersfynd från Hjärpetan i Värmland. Fornvännen 23: pp. 321-345." 
6) Oldeberg 1929 = Published account of the Bräckan find. Full reference: "Oldeberg, Andreas (1929) “Bräckanfyndet” - ett gjutfynd från bronsålderns fjärde period. RIG: Föreningens för svensk kulturhistoria tidskrift 12: pp 37-48."
7) Oldeberg 1934 = Published account of the Nya Åsle find. Full reference: "Oldeberg, Andreas (1934) Två bronsåldersfynd från Åsle socken i Västergötland. Västergötlands fornminnesförenings tidskrift 4 (7–8): pp. 9–42."