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The Diversity Barometer 2005-2022: time series data on attitudes towards ethnic diversity and immigration among the Swedish population.

SND-ID: 2024-440. Version: 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5878/ds1g-5x16

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Citation

Creator/Principal investigator(s)

Fereshteh Ahmadi - University of Gävle, Department of Social Work, Criminology and Public Health Science orcid

Jimmy Stephen Munobwa - University of Gävle, The Department of Social Work, Criminology and Public Health Science orcid

Orlando Mella - Uppsala University

Research principal

University of Gävle - Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies rorId

Description

This dataset was generated through the Diversity Barometer, a study tracking attitudes towards ethnic diversity and immigration in Sweden since 2005. The data were collected annually between 2005 and 2014, and biennially thereafter. Unweighted samples, consisting of adults aged between 18 and 75 years were used. The data can be managed and analyzed in the statistical program SPSS. The dataset includes the following variable categories:
1. Respondent descriptives
2. Interaction with persons with foreign background at school, work and in the neighborhood.
3. Cultural rights for persons with foreign background.
4. Social rights for persons with foreign background.
5. Immigration as beneficial to the Swedish society.
6. Immigration as a threat to the Swedish society.
7. Attitudes towards Swedish immigration policies.
8. Immigrants are exploited in the Swedish labor market.
9. Interest in interacting with immigrants and learning foreign cultures.

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This dataset was generated through the Diversity Barometer, a study tracking attitudes towards ethnic diversity and immigration in Sweden since 2005. The data were collected annually between 2005 and 2014, and biennially thereafter. Unweighted samples, consisting of adults aged between 18 and 75 years were used. The data can be managed and analyzed in the statistical program SPSS. The dataset includes the following variable categories:
1. Respondent descriptives
2. Interaction with persons with foreign background at school, work and in the neighborhood.
3. Cultural rights for persons with foreign background.
4. Social rights for persons with foreign background.
5. Immigration as beneficial to the Swedish society.
6. Immigration as a threat to the Swedish society.
7. Attitudes towards Swedish immigration policies.
8. Immigrants are exploited in the Swedish labor market.
9. Interest in interacting with immigrants and learning foreign cultures.
10. Attitudes towards religion in general, and Islam in particular.
11. Willingness to live in the same neighborhood as immigrants.
12. Immigrant-neighborhoods are problem neighborhoods. Show less..

Data contains personal data

Yes

Sensitive personal data

Yes

Type of personal data

Gender; age; education; country of birth; parents' country of birth; residency; income; employment; family status; political affiliation

Language

Method and outcome

Unit of analysis

Population

Adults aged between 18 and 75 years, registered as residents of Sweden at the time of data collection, according to the Swedish state personal adress register (SPAR).

Time Method

Sampling procedure

Probability
A probability sample was drawn from the Swedish state personal address register (SPAR) register to obtain a sample that was representative of the adult population in Sweden. The net sample was around 1000 individuals at each measurement occasion. Since the samples were not weighted against the structure of the population in the previous measurements 2005 - 2018, the samples of recent years have not been weighted either; this has been done to ensure consistence since the focus of the study is changes over time.

Time period(s) investigated

2005-01-01 – 2022-06-30

Data format / data structure

Data collection
  • Mode of collection: Self-administered questionnaire
  • Description of the mode of collection: The data collection was carried out via postal surveys, using a structured questionnaire.
  • Time period(s) for data collection: 2005-01-01 – 2022-06-30
  • Source of the data: Population group
Geographic coverage

Geographic spread

Geographic location: Sweden

Highest geographic unit

Country

Administrative information

Responsible department/unit

Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies

Funding 1

  • Funding agency: University of Gävle rorId

Funding 2

  • Funding agency: National Association of Social Work
Topic and keywords

Research area

Sociology (excluding social work, social psychology and social anthropology) (Standard för svensk indelning av forskningsämnen 2011)

International migration and ethnic relations (Standard för svensk indelning av forskningsämnen 2011)

Keywords

Population migration, Immigrants, Immigration, Ethnic groups, Migrants

Publications

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Groglopo, A., Ahmadi, F., & Munobwa, J. (2025). Unveiling Islamophobia: navigating its presence in Sweden. In Cogent Social Sciences (Vol. 11, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2025.2451129
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2025.2451129
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-46342
SwePub: oai:gup.ub.gu.se/346837

Groglopo, A., Ahmadi, F., & Munobwa, J. S. (2023). Structural racism in Sweden: framing attitudes towards immigrants through the Diversity Barometer Study (2005–2022). Social Sciences, 12(7), 421.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12070421

Munobwa, J., Ahmadi, F., & Darvishpour, M. (n.d.). Diversity Barometer 2020 : Attitudes towards immigration and ethnic diversity in Sweden. In Social Sciences (No. 401; Vol. 10, Issue 10). https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10100401
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10100401
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-37429
SwePub: oai:DiVA.org:hig-37429

Ahmadi, F., Darvishpour, M., & Palm, I. (n.d.). Changes Regarding Attitudes Towards Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Sweden: The Diversity Barometer (2005-2018). In International Journal of Social Science Studies (Vol. 8, Issue 5, pp. 1–1). https://doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v8i5.4937
URN: urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-56202
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v8i5.4937
SwePub: oai:DiVA.org:mdh-56202

Ahmadi, F., Darvishpour, M., Ahmadi, N., & Palm, I. (2020). Diversity barometer: Attitude changes in Sweden. Nordic social work research, 10(1), 21-38.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/2156857X.2018.1527242

Ahmadi, F., Palm, I., & Ahmadi, N. (2016). Mångfaldsbarometern 2016. https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-23821
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-23821
SwePub: oai:DiVA.org:hig-23821

Darvishpour, M., Ahmadi, F., Mella, O., & Palm, I. (2015). Mångfaldsbarometern : Tio år av attitydmätningar i Sverige. https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-30846
ISBN: 9789188145024
URN: urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-30846
SwePub: oai:DiVA.org:mdh-30846

Mella, O., Palm, I., & Bromark, K. (2011). Mångfaldsbarometern 2011. https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-160587
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-160587
SwePub: oai:DiVA.org:uu-160587

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Versions

Version 1. 2025-02-12

Version 1: 2025-02-12

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5878/ds1g-5x16

Published: 2025-02-12